The mud pump supplies the drilling rig with a constant flow of high-pressure mud (drilling fluid). These positive displacement pumps operate up to 10,000 psi resulting in high radial loads at the typical bearing positions including the crosshead bearings, eccentric bearings, crankshaft main bearings and driveshaft bearings.
Sheaves are used in crown and travelling blocks as well as in heave compensation systems. It requests reliability under high static and dynamic loads to ensure maximum uptime under the extreme range of drilling conditions.
The top drive / swivel supports the weight of the drill string, while simultaneously acting as a rotating passage way to permit drilling mud to flow into the drill string. The top drive, additionally, provides the torsional force needed to turn the drill string. This application requires high reliability and resistance shock loads generated during the drilling process.
The primary function of the drawworks is to raise or lower the drill string and provide proper weight on bit. Modern drawworks and winches also can operate active heave compensation, designed to compensate for the wave motions on floating rigs. The resulting rapid load cycles require an extremely rigid system.
Mud bearings close to the drill string end have a major impact on productivity and reliability. In addition to severe axial and shock loads, these bearings are “lubricated” with highly abrasive mud, which for a bearing is the definition of an extreme operating condition.
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